Wagon tarpaulin is an auxiliary appliance for railway wagons, mainly used for wet and flammable goods shipped in thatch-covered gondolas. After the 1990s, polyester plastic-coated tarpaulins (X-type tarpaulins) have been used in railway transportation. The size of the X-type tarpaulin is 9.1m×5.5m, 2 sheets of thatch cover per car. In recent years, in order to meet the needs of large-scale speed increase of passenger and freight trains, the Ministry of Railways has developed D-type tarpaulins and tarpaulin rope nets using new technologies and new materials. The size of the D-type tarpaulin is 15.0m.×5.3m, 1 piece of thatch cover per car. In order to test the technical performance of D-type tarpaulin and X-type tarpaulin, analyze the use effect of rope nets and elastic ropes, put forward technical indicators that meet the transportation requirements, and improve the organization method of railway traffic under strong wind conditions, the Ministry of Railways organized and carried out a project under strong wind conditions. Truck tarpaulin, tarpaulin rope and rope net test. The aerodynamic research of the freight car shows that the aerodynamic effect of the vehicle is prominent under three conditions, namely, the freight train runs and meets at high speed in the tunnel, passes through the windy area, and meets the high-speed passenger train. The force of the rope net is unfavorable. For open cars, there are a wide variety of loaded goods and various loading methods (such as whether to overtake a car or not) directly affect the stress state of the tarpaulin, tarpaulin ropes and rope nets, and may be caused by cargo settlement and other reasons during the high-speed operation of the train. As a result, the loading state of the goods is changed, thereby affecting the force of the tarpaulin, tarpaulin ropes and rope nets. Therefore, the force of the truck tarpaulin, tarpaulin ropes and rope nets is a dynamic process that changes with the train running state and cargo loading state. The test plan is designed in the Xinjiang wind area. The wind direction and the line angle between the 30li tuyere of Alashankou and Lanxin Lines are relatively small, which generally will not cause train rollover accidents, but there may be train slippage, containers or tarpaulins and other equipment being blocked. Danger of falling; in the wind area of the first 100 kilometers of the Nanjiang Line and the 100-mile wind area of the Lanxin Line, the trains are mainly affected by the lateral wind, which poses a great threat to railway transportation. Almost all railway wind disasters occur in this area. The test was carried out for a total of 3 times. The high running speed of the test train was 80km/h. The main test content was the aerodynamic force and tarpaulin stress on the tarpaulin, tarpaulin rope and rope net of the truck. At the same time, the image monitoring of the running status was carried out. In one test, a round-trip test was conducted in the wind area of the first 100 kilometers of the southern Xinjiang line, starting from Turpan to Wangbu, and then returning to Turpan from Wangbu. During the period, the maximum instantaneous wind speed was 22.1m/s, and the maximum average wind speed was 21.9m/s. In order to test the effect of the windproof net, after arriving at the Wangbu Station, a windproof net was added to the gondola 2. A total of 210 tarpaulin ropes and rope net tension measurement points and 32 tarpaulin stress measurement points were arranged in the test. The system is computer-centered, and integrates various virtual instrument functions under the support of software, which can perform dynamic real-time dynamic real-time monitoring of multi-point and time-varying parameters (tarpaulin air pressure, tarpaulin rope, rope net tension, etc.). Measurement, effectively eliminate noise interference, eliminate accidental errors, correct system errors, so as to achieve high accuracy of measurement results and high resolution of the measured signal. Damage to tarpaulins and rope nets In the section without windshield wall, when the maximum average wind speed reaches more than 31.5m/s, the tarpaulins, tarpaulin ropes and rope nets of trucks are damaged to varying degrees. (1) The X-type tarpaulin is torn seriously, and the lap joint of the tarpaulin is obviously driving. The D-type tarpaulin is partially damaged and torn due to friction and stress concentration, and the eye socket is pulled off. (2) The D-type tarpaulin rope is damaged, and the phenomenon of pulling occurs due to friction. Each D-type tarpaulin has 7 elastic ropes. In the third test, the non-elastic ropes of 2 vehicles were worn out; among the 6 vehicles that used elastic ropes, 5 vehicles had 10 elastic ropes. The tether of the rope was pulled out, the rubber rods of the two elastic ropes of 2 vehicles were disconnected, and only the elastic rope of 1 vehicle was not damaged. (3) The tarpaulin rope net has been seriously broken. In the third test, the tarpaulin rope nets of 8 out of 9 vehicles were worn out, but the worn-out parts were few, and the worn-out parts were generally on the protruding parts of the carriage. When the train passes through the section with the windshield wall (the maximum average wind speed is 34.8m/s), the wear of the truck tarpaulin, tarpaulin ropes and rope nets is significantly reduced, and only a small amount of tarpaulin ropes and rope nets are worn off.
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