With the development of railway transportation, the speed of trains has increased year by year, and the train density has increased due to the running of unguarded trains. While the train is running, the tarpaulin falls off from time to time, and it is on the rise, which seriously endangers the stability of the driving, the stability of the goods and the personal stability, and causes the damage and loss of the tarpaulin. Therefore, the problem of tarpaulin falling off should attract the attention of relevant departments, and it is also a problem that needs to be studied and solved urgently in our future transportation organization and tarpaulin management work. Analysis of the hazard of tarpaulin falling off Tarpaulin means that after the goods are loaded, the railway freight car tarpaulin needs to be covered or the cargo owner's own tarpaulin is required due to the nature of the goods or the vehicle. For any reason, the tarpaulin falls off the cargo or vehicle. 1. Damage to signal facilities The fall of the tarpaulin can easily damage the signal equipment, such as scratching the signal machine, signal frequency shifting box, cable, transformer box, and scraping the wire rope of the rail power supply, causing signal failure and endangering the stability of transportation. After the signal equipment is damaged, the maintenance is inconvenient and the driving is affected. For example: at 0:20 on November 26, 1997, at the signal station 2659 on the down line between Ruzhou and Rongzhuang, Luoyang Railway Branch, the driver reported that a piece of tarpaulin had fallen off, a red light band appeared on the station report console, and the electric affairs department reported that the signal had shifted. The frequency box is broken. The dispatcher issued an order in time to carry out emergency repair of the equipment, and returned the crushed tarpaulin to the freight room of Ruzhou Station for processing. 2. Cause personal casualties During the process of the tarpaulin rope loosening and the tarpaulin being lifted, the rope is swayed by the wind, and it is easy to injure pedestrians and railway workers beside the railway, and even cause casualties. For example, during a rush to repair the signal equipment in Luoyang East Signal Work Area of Luoyang Electric Power Section, a signal worker was unfortunately caught by the tarpaulin rope of a passing freight train next to the signal machine in the running yard of Luoyang East Station, and then brought it into the heart of the road. , crushed to death under the wheel. 3. Affecting the stability of goods Since most of the vehicles shipped with thatch-covered tarpaulins are inflammable and moisture-resistant goods, the loose and falling off of the tarpaulin can easily cause moisture damage and theft of goods, and even cause fires. Luoyang Railway Sub-bureau receives about 5 telegram inquiries every month for cargo loss due to theft, falling off and loss of tarpaulins, which brings great hidden danger to stability. 4. Affecting the driving stability The parking and cover arrangement due to the falling off of the tarpaulin disrupted the normal operation order and caused various delays of passenger and freight trains. For example: On February 20, 1998, the 3814 freight train was lost at Baofeng Station because the tarpaulin fell off, and the parking was covered and arranged, which not only delayed the train by 2h21min, affected the smooth flow of the station, but also wasted a lot of manpower , material resources. Analysis of the reasons for the tarpaulin falling off 1. Influence of the external environment (1) Most areas of my country have a continental monsoon climate, with a large temperature difference between north and south and a long east-west span. Especially in spring and autumn, there are many strong winds and strong winds. During the operation of the train, due to the influence of the wind, the rope ends of the thatched tarpaulin are easy to loosen, fall off the knot and fall to the ground, and then cause the tarpaulin to fall off, which seriously endangers the stability of transportation. (2) In some areas of our country, the security forces are relatively weak, and the crackdown on theft is not effective, resulting in“blind flow”Picking up trucks, opening the tarpaulin to shelter from the rain and heating, and some stealing the tarpaulin and unloading the transport materials, not only caused different degrees of loss of the tarpaulin, but also seriously endangered the goods. 2. Problems in the internal management of railways (1) At the loading station, due to the uneven cultural level of freight personnel, low quality of some personnel, weak sense of responsibility, and inadequate management, etc., the station, special line, and special railway are in the loading process. There are the following problems when covering tarpaulins for wet or flammable goods: First, the checks are not strict, and there are no tarpaulins with good quality, complete waist ropes, and rope tensions that meet the requirements; Not in accordance with the new 'Vehicle Tarpaulin Management Regulations' (hereinafter referred to as 'Trap Regulations'),“Press seam in the direction of running farther”and“tightly bound”The third is that the measures of tarpaulin and thatch cover, binding acceptance and handover are ineffective. (2) Due to the influence of the speed increase of trains and the running of unguarded trains, trains run on long distances and large sections. Although the stop time of the train station is shortened and the transportation speed is improved, the existing problems are not easy to ignore: First, The marshalling station, section station, and intermediate station failed to check the arrival and departure of the trains with tarpaulins, and the tarpaulins were loosened or lost and were not covered and sorted in time; Rope disconnection, tarpaulin falling off, etc. were not found or reported; thirdly, if problems were found, the tarpaulin was stamped and sorted, which would affect the punctual operation of passenger and freight trains and disrupt the normal running order; fourth, the tarpaulin fell off If it is lost, it is difficult to find it, and it is difficult to delineate the responsibility for the loss of the tarpaulin falling off. (3) The new 'Canopy Regulations' have more detailed regulations on the use, handover, inspection and disposal of the tarpaulins of guarded trains, but the handover, inspection, processing, loss and falling of tarpaulins generated by unguarded trains in the running section are still unclear. The lack of uniform standards and regulations brings hidden dangers. According to statistics, the unguarded trains passed by the Luoyang branch found that about 10 tarpaulins were lost every month at the marshalling station of the adjacent branch. When the marshalling station of the adjacent sub-bureau was found to be missing, it adjusted and reduced the number of tarpaulins at the boundary as soon as a telegram was sent, resulting in an increase in the number of applications in the Luoyang sub-bureau, and the problem of scrapping was difficult to solve. (4) The lack of waist ropes of tarpaulins cannot be ignored. It is mainly manifested in that many waist ropes are stolen and cut, many are lost, and many are replaced by straw ropes. In particular, there are many problems in the acceptance, use, handover and other aspects of the tarpaulin provided by the owner. To sum up, the shedding and loss of the tarpaulin have both external reasons and the problem that the internal management mechanism of the railway needs to be standardized and improved.
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